Vermont was the last New England state to be settled. The earliest permanent settlement date is believed to be 1724. Ethan Allen and his Green Mountain Boys made Vermont famous when they took Fort Ticonderoga from the British in 1775. Claimed by both New York and New Hampshire, Vermont framed a constitution in 1777. It was the first state to prohibit slavery and the first to provide universal male suffrage, regardless of property or income.
For 14 years, Vermont was an independent republic, running its own postal service, coining its own money, naturalizing citizens of other states and countries, and negotiating with other states and nations. Vermont became the 14th state in 1791.
Although Vermont is usually thought of as a farm state, more than 17 percent of the labor force is in manufacturing. Machinery, food, wood, plastic, rubber, paper, electrical, and electronic products are made here. Dairy products lead the farm list, with sheep, maple sugar and syrup, and apples and potatoes following. Vermont leads the nation in its yield of marble and granite; limestone, slate, and talc are also quarried and mined.
Tall steeples dominate the towns, forests, mountains, and countryside where one can walk the 260-mile Long Trail along the Green Mountain crests. Vermont has one of the highest concentrations of alpine ski areas and cross-country ski touring centers in the nation. Fishing and hunting are excellent; resorts range from rustic to elegant.
Vermont is a State that is best enjoyed outdoors. Although it is the only New England State without a seashore, its border with Lake Champlain more than compensates. The largest city, Burlington, affords magnificent views of the water, and has many sporting and recreation areas. There are three different Lake Champlain Ferries crossing from points in Vermont to New York and back departing two to three times per hour each day. Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge and Burton Island State Park lie at the northern end of the lake and offer great camping and hiking opportunities. The best views, however, are to the south at Mount Philo State Park, Vermont’s oldest State park, which is just 15 minutes from the city centre.
Vermont is the USA’s third-largest ski State, with 16 alpine resorts and just under 30 for cross-country skiing. The highest peak in Vermont, Mount Mansfield, is the location of the area’s most popular ski resort, Stowe, which offers a choice of slopes suitable for both beginners and thrill-seekers. In the summer, skis are exchanged for mountain bikes and hiking boots. Fishing is also a hugely popular pastime, with rods and reels available to hire locally. At Brattleboro, in southeast Vermont, the sporting action revolves around the West and Connecticut rivers. Canoeing is the best way to explore the lush green countryside.
Water-related activities, hiking, riding, various other sports, picnicking, camping, and visitor centers are available in many of Vermont's state parks. Pets are allowed on leash only. Nonresident fishing license: season $41; 7-day $30; 3-day $20; 1-day $15. Nonresident hunting license: $85; $25 for those under 18 years. Nonresident small game license: $40. In order for a nonresident to obtain a hunting license, he/she must prove that he/she holds a license in his/her home state. Bow and arrow license (hunting or combination license also required): nonresident $25. Combination hunting and fishing license: nonresident $110.
Vermont enjoys four distinct seasons. Comfortable summers are followed by brilliantly colored falls and typically cold New England winters. Heavy snowfall makes for good skiing in winter, while spring thaws bring on the inevitable muddy months. Summer and fall are popular times to visit.
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